# The patient's heart shows a characteristic ______ pattern during diastole, with rapid early filling followed by rapid deceleration.

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> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168431  
> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the circulatory system

## 문제

The patient's heart shows a characteristic ______ pattern during diastole, with rapid early filling followed by rapid deceleration.

## 보기

1. restrictive **✔ 정답**
2. normal
3. impaired
4. delayed
5. enhanced

**정답: 1**

## 해설

A restrictive filling pattern during diastole is characterized by rapid early filling followed by rapid deceleration, creating a "square root" sign. This pattern is seen in restrictive cardiomyopathy and indicates severe diastolic dysfunction due to reduced ventricular compliance.

## 임상 시나리오

Restrictive Diastolic Filling Pattern:
- E/A ratio > 2 indicates restrictive pattern
- Rapid early filling (E wave) with increased velocity
- Shortened deceleration time (DT < 160ms)
- Reduced A wave amplitude
- Associated with stiff ventricles
- Common in:
* Restrictive cardiomyopathy
* Constrictive pericarditis
* Advanced diastolic dysfunction
* Cardiac amyloidosis
- Doppler findings:
* High E velocity (>1.2 m/s)
* Low A velocity
* Short isovolumic relaxation time
- Poor prognosis indicator
- May require cardiac transplantation
- Reversible with treatment in some cases
- Diagnostic criteria:
* E/A ratio >2
* DT

## 핵심 개념

- **restrictive** — A pattern characterized by limited or constrained movement or flow, typically due to stiffness or reduced compliance of cardiac tissue
- **normal** — The typical or standard pattern of cardiac filling without any pathological changes
- **impaired** — A condition where the function or ability is weakened or damaged, resulting in suboptimal performance
- **delayed** — A pattern showing a prolonged or late onset of activity compared to the expected timing
- **enhanced** — An increased or improved pattern of activity beyond the normal range or expectation

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