# The heart demonstrates ______ filling during cardiac catheterization, with rapid early filling followed by an abrupt plateau.

> source: MyMerci (mymerci.kr)  
> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168425  
> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the circulatory system

## 문제

The heart demonstrates ______ filling during cardiac catheterization, with rapid early filling followed by an abrupt plateau.

## 보기

1. restrictive **✔ 정답**
2. constrictive
3. impaired
4. normal
5. enhanced

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Restrictive filling pattern on cardiac catheterization shows rapid early diastolic filling followed by an abrupt plateau (square root sign). This pattern is characteristic of restrictive cardiomyopathy or severe diastolic dysfunction.

## 임상 시나리오

Cardiac Catheterization and Diastolic Patterns:

1. Restrictive Pattern:
- Rapid early diastolic filling
- Abrupt plateau formation
- Square root sign appearance
- Elevated end-diastolic pressure
- Associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy

2. Hemodynamic Parameters:
- Increased right atrial pressure
- Elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
- Dip and plateau pattern
- Decreased cardiac output
- Preserved ejection fraction

3. Diagnostic Features:
- Rapid y descent
- Elevated filling pressures
- Decreased compliance
- Ventricular interdependence
- Preserved systolic function

4. Clinical Conditions:
- Amyloidosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Hemochromatosis
- Endomyocardial fibrosis
- Radiation-induced cardiomyopathy

5. Pressure Measurements:
- Right ventricular pressure
- Left ventricular pressure
- Pulmonary artery pressure
- Right atrial pressure
- Left atrial pressure

## 핵심 개념

- **restrictive** — A condition where the heart muscle becomes rigid and less elastic, limiting its ability to fill properly during diastole
- **constrictive** — A condition characterized by the restriction of heart filling due to a rigid, thickened pericardium
- **impaired** — Reduced or weakened function, indicating compromised cardiac filling capacity
- **normal** — Regular physiological pattern of cardiac filling without any abnormalities
- **enhanced** — Increased or improved cardiac filling beyond normal physiological levels

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