# The heart shows ______ movement on echocardiogram, where a segment moves in the opposite direction to normal during systole.

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> url: https://mymerci.kr/pages/nclex_q.php?qn_id=168395  
> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the circulatory system

## 문제

The heart shows ______ movement on echocardiogram, where a segment moves in the opposite direction to normal during systole.

## 보기

1. dyskinetic **✔ 정답**
2. hypokinetic
3. akinetic
4. hyperkinetic
5. asynchronous

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Dyskinetic movement refers to paradoxical wall motion where a segment of the heart moves in the opposite direction to normal during contraction. This abnormal motion typically indicates scarred or severely damaged heart muscle, often seen after myocardial infarction.

## 임상 시나리오

Cardiac Wall Motion Abnormalities:

1. Dyskinetic: Paradoxical outward movement during systole
2. Hypokinetic: Reduced wall motion
3. Akinetic: No wall motion
4. Hyperkinetic: Increased wall motion
5. Dyssynchronous: Uncoordinated wall motion

Clinical Significance:
- Seen on echocardiogram
- Common after myocardial infarction
- Indicates myocardial damage/scarring
- Affects ejection fraction
- May lead to heart failure

Assessment Methods:
- Echocardiography
- Cardiac MRI
- Left ventriculography
- Wall motion score index (WMSI)

Associated Conditions:
- Coronary artery disease
- Previous MI
- Cardiomyopathy
- Ventricular aneurysm
- Ischemic heart disease

## 핵심 개념

- **dyskinetic** — Abnormal movement where a segment moves in the opposite direction to normal during contraction, typically indicating scarred or damaged heart tissue
- **hypokinetic** — Reduced or decreased movement of a segment compared to normal contractile function
- **akinetic** — Complete absence of movement or contractile function in a segment of heart muscle
- **hyperkinetic** — Increased or excessive movement compared to normal contractile function
- **asynchronous** — Uncoordinated movement where different segments contract at different times rather than simultaneously

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