# The patient's heart shows ______ motion of the posterior wall on echocardiogram, suggesting recent myocardial infarction.

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> language: ko  
> subject: Diseases of the circulatory system

## 문제

The patient's heart shows ______ motion of the posterior wall on echocardiogram, suggesting recent myocardial infarction.

## 보기

1. hypokinetic **✔ 정답**
2. dyskinetic
3. akinetic
4. hyperkinetic
5. normal

**정답: 1**

## 해설

Hypokinetic motion refers to reduced wall movement of the heart muscle. When seen on echocardiogram, hypokinesis of a specific area often indicates damaged heart muscle, commonly due to reduced blood flow or previous infarction in that region.

## 임상 시나리오

Key Concepts in Cardiac Wall Motion:

1. Types of Wall Motion Abnormalities:
- Hypokinesis: reduced wall motion
- Akinesis: absence of wall motion
- Dyskinesis: paradoxical wall motion
- Hyperkinesis: increased wall motion

2. Echocardiographic Assessment:
- Regional wall motion analysis
- Segmental wall motion scoring
- Left ventricular ejection fraction
- Wall thickness measurement

3. Clinical Correlations:
- Acute myocardial infarction
- Coronary artery disease
- Myocardial stunning
- Myocardial hibernation

4. Diagnostic Criteria:
- Wall motion score index
- Systolic wall thickening
- Endocardial excursion
- Timing of contraction

5. Associated Findings:
- ST-segment changes
- Cardiac enzyme elevation
- Regional perfusion defects
- Ventricular remodeling

## 핵심 개념

- **hypokinetic** — Reduced or decreased movement of a body part or organ, characterized by diminished muscle function or contractility
- **dyskinetic** — Abnormal, impaired, or disordered movement of a body part or organ, often involving involuntary muscle movements
- **akinetic** — Complete absence of movement or motion in a body part or organ, indicating total loss of muscle function
- **hyperkinetic** — Increased or excessive movement of a body part or organ, characterized by abnormally increased muscle activity
- **normal** — Regular, typical, or expected movement pattern of a body part or organ, showing proper muscle function and coordination

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