The picture below shows a surgical position. Which type of s… | 마이메르시 MyMerci
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Nursing
문제

The picture below shows a surgical position. Which type of surgery requires this position?

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해설
This is the lateral position, in which the client lies on one side; it is used for kidney or lung surgery.
같은 주제 다음 문제Thoracentesis

심화 해설

Key Nursing Concept This item asks about the indications for the lateral position among surgical positions. The position shown in the picture is one in which the client lies on the side, and it is used mainly for surgeries requiring access to the thorax or the flank (lateral aspect).

Rationale for the correct answer (lung surgery): The lungs are located on the right and left sides within the thoracic cavity. For lung procedures such as a lobectomy or wedge resection, the client is placed in the lateral position with the operative side up, depending on the surgical site. This provides the surgeon with optimal access to the lung through the lateral chest wall.

Why the other options are incorrect:
  • Cardiac surgery: Most cardiac procedures are performed through a median sternotomy, so the client is placed in the Commonly confused! supine position.
  • Abdominal surgery: Most abdominal procedures (stomach, bowel, liver, gallbladder, etc.) are approached through the anterior abdomen, so the supine position is used.
  • Rectal surgery: For rectal and anal procedures, the lithotomy position or the prone position is more common.
  • Spinal surgery: Posterior spinal approaches use the prone position, while anterior approaches generally use the supine position.
High-Yield Exam Point Surgical positioning is critical for both surgical access and client safety. Memorize the major positions paired with their indications.
Surgical positionCommon indicationsFeatures/precautions
SupineAbdominal, cardiac, thyroid, breast, extremity surgeryThe most commonly used position
LateralLung and kidney surgeryWatch for nerve/vessel compression of the dependent arm and leg
PronePosterior spine, occipital, and buttock surgeryRespiration, facial pressure, and eye protection are essential
LithotomyRectal, anal, gynecologic, and urologic surgeryWatch for impaired lower-extremity circulation and nerve injury
TrendelenburgLower abdominal and pelvic surgeryMay limit respiratory function and cause headache

임상 시나리오

Clinical Nursing Practice Guide When caring for a client undergoing lung surgery in the lateral position, preventing position-related complications is the top priority.
Priority nursing interventions: 1. Protect pressure points: Provide adequate padding so that the axillary nerve of the dependent arm and the peroneal nerve of the leg are not compressed. In particular, support the dependent arm on an armboard and place a pillow between the knees to protect the dependent leg. 2. Maintain respiration and circulation: Make sure the upper chest does not press down on the dependent side, and make small positional adjustments as often as possible (limited during surgery) to promote circulation. 3. Secure the client safely: Use straps at the hips and shoulders to keep the client from shifting during surgery, while avoiding excessive pressure.
A word from an experienced nurse: "The lateral position is convenient for the surgical team, but it is an unnatural position for the client. Think of it as being frozen in place after rolling onto your side in your sleep. That's why, after surgery, you must carefully assess sensation, movement, and circulation in the areas that were under pressure. Numbness or weakness in the dependent arm, in particular, should raise suspicion of axillary nerve injury."

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