A nurse is conducting a developmental assessment on a 3-year-old child suspected of having autism spectrum dis…

Question

A nurse is conducting a developmental assessment on a 3-year-old child suspected of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which assessment finding would be most indicative of ASD in this child?

Accepted Answer

보기 4: The child demonstrates repetitive hand-flapping and avoids eye contact during interactions

Repetitive behaviors (stereotypies) such as hand-flapping combined with social communication deficits like avoiding eye contact are hallmark signs of autism spectrum disorder that distinguish it from typical developmental variations.

Answer

보기 1: The child exhibits occasional temper tantrums when frustrated with tasks

Answer

보기 2: The child shows preference for playing alone rather than with other children

Answer

보기 3: The child has difficulty following complex multi-step instructions

Concept	Key Points
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)	Neurodevelopmental disorder. Core features: Social communication deficits and restricted/repetitive behaviors.
Social Communication Deficits	Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity (e.g., poor eye contact, lack of shared enjoyment). Deficits in nonverbal communication. Deficits in developing/maintaining relationships.
Restricted/Repetitive Behaviors	Stereotyped motor movements (hand-flapping, rocking). Insistence on sameness, inflexible routines. Highly restricted, fixated interests. Hyper/hypo-reactivity to sensory input.
Developmental Screening	M-CHAT-R common for toddlers. Nurses play a key role in surveillance and screening during well-child visits.

Behavior	Typical Toddler Development	Potential ASD Indicator
Eye Contact	Intermittent, but used to engage and share enjoyment.	Persistent and marked avoidance of eye contact.
Play	May play alone (solitary play) but also engages in parallel and simple cooperative play.	Persistent preference for solitary play with a clear lack of interest in engaging with peers.
Repetitive Movements	May briefly flap hands when excited; behavior is transient.	Repetitive hand-flapping, spinning, or rocking that is frequent and serves a self-stimulatory purpose.
Response to Name	Typically turns or looks when name is called.	Consistently does not respond to name by 12 months, despite normal hearing.

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A nurse is conducting a developmental assessment on a 3-year-old child suspected of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which assessment finding would be most indicative of ASD in this child?

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