A 10-year-old child with a closed femur fracture is being pr… | 마이메르시 MyMerci
Adult Health
문제
A 10-year-old child with a closed femur fracture is being prepared for surgery. The child has been in traction for 2 days and suddenly develops severe chest pain, shortness of breath, and petechial rash on the chest and neck. What is the priority nursing action?
A 10-year-old child sustained a closed femur fracture 2 days ago and has been in skeletal traction. The nurse notices the child has developed sudden onset of severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, and a petechial rash across the chest and neck area.
1Administer prescribed pain medication for fracture pain
2Increase the traction weight to maintain proper alignment
3Notify the healthcare provider immediately and prepare for emergency intervention✓ 정답
4Reposition the child to promote comfort and reduce anxiety
해설
The child exhibits classic signs of fat embolism syndrome, a life-threatening complication requiring immediate medical intervention. Other options would delay critical treatment for this emergency.
심화 해설
看護学のコア解説
この問題は、脂肪塞栓症候群 (Fat embolism syndrome, FES)という、長管骨骨折(特に大腿骨骨折)に伴う重篤な合併症を早期に発見し、緊急対応の優先順位 (Triage and prioritization)を問うています。
誤答の分析 (Distractor Analysis)
① 骨折の痛みに対する鎮痛薬の投与:FESの胸痛は骨折痛とは病態が異なります。この対応では根本的な呼吸障害は改善せず、緊急性を見逃す危険があります。
② 牽引重量の増加:骨折の整復位を維持することは重要ですが、FESの急性期には優先度が最も低いケアです。むしろ、患者の状態悪化を招く可能性のある処置です。
④ 安楽体位への体位変換と不安軽減:安楽な体位(例:ファウラー位)は呼吸を楽にする補助的ケアですが、これだけではFESの治療にはなりません。まずは医師への報告と酸素投与などの救命処置が最優先です。