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학습 자료 둘러보기 →The most significant indicator of bullying victimization is the student's direct verbal report of being systematically targeted. This report must include the three core features: intentionality, repetition, and a power imbalance.
Specific behaviors to ask about include social exclusion, verbal harassment (name-calling), and threats of harm used to enforce silence. These map directly onto validated screening tools like the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ-R).
Do not rely on nonspecific secondary signs alone, such as a slight grade decline, appearing withdrawn, or one week of school reluctance. These can arise from multiple adolescent stressors and lack the diagnostic specificity of a direct disclosure of repeated, targeted aggression.
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