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학습 자료 둘러보기 →The hallmark of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a subcortical dementia pattern. Key deficits on cognitive testing include impaired executive function (planning, mental flexibility) and psychomotor slowing.
Diagnosis relies on neuropsychological testing that specifically assesses these domains, along with attention and information-processing speed. Memory complaints are common but the pattern is distinct from cortical dementias like Alzheimer's disease.
Do not confuse HAND with other HIV-related neurological complications. Peripheral neuropathy or symptoms from opportunistic infections (e.g., CNS lymphoma, PML) are separate conditions. A low CD4 count increases risk but is not diagnostic of HAND itself.
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