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학습 자료 둘러보기 →The preoperational stage is defined by symbolic thinking but an absence of logical reasoning. A key feature is animism, where the child attributes life and intentions to inanimate objects (e.g., a toy car is alive because it moves).
To assess, ask open-ended questions about a toy's actions or feelings. A preoperational child will give answers reflecting magical thinking, not physical causality. This differs from a 7-year-old in the concrete operational stage, who would logically explain the toy's movement.
Do not confuse animism with imagination or fantasy play, which are healthy. Animism is a specific cognitive limitation where the child cannot consistently distinguish the mental from the physical world. It resolves as the child moves toward concrete operations.
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