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학습 자료 둘러보기 →Sound waves strike the tympanic membrane, causing it to vibrate. These vibrations must be physically conducted across the air-filled middle ear to the fluid-filled inner ear. This is the sole function of the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes).
The stapes footplate moves like a piston against the oval window, transferring mechanical energy into the cochlea. The cochlea then converts this energy into neural impulses. The semicircular canals are strictly for balance, and the Eustachian tube only equalizes pressure.
Conductive hearing loss results from dysfunction in the outer or middle ear (e.g., ossicular fixation, otitis media), while sensorineural loss involves the cochlea or auditory nerve. Differentiating the site of lesion is critical for NCLEX.
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