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학습 자료 둘러보기 →The hallmark of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is progressive, painless loss of central visual acuity. Patients report difficulty with fine details like reading or recognizing faces, and may describe metamorphopsia (distorted, wavy lines).
Assess using the Amsler grid to detect central distortions. Fundoscopic examination may reveal drusen (dry AMD) or subretinal fluid and hemorrhage (wet AMD). Visual acuity testing often shows reduced distance and near vision.
Sudden onset of central vision loss or new distortion in a patient with known AMD requires urgent ophthalmology referral to rule out progression to neovascular (wet) AMD, where treatment with anti-VEGF injections is time-sensitive.
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