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학습 자료 둘러보기 →The alveoli are the terminal air sacs where the respiratory system meets the circulatory system. Their primary function is gas exchange, specifically the diffusion of O₂ into the blood and CO₂ out of the blood. This process relies on an extremely thin alveolar-capillary membrane.
While Type II alveolar cells secrete surfactant to lower surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse, this is a supportive function. The defining purpose of the structure is the exchange of respiratory gases.
Do not confuse the role of the alveoli with that of the upper airways (filtration, warming) or the circulatory system (oxygen transport). Impaired gas exchange at the alveolar level indicates a severe ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch.
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