A nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes about sick-day management. Which instructions should the nurse include? For each group, select all responses that apply.

During illness, clients with type 1 diabetes should check blood glucose and urine ketones every 4 hours. Insulin should never be stopped; doses may need adjustment. Oral hypoglycemics are not used in type 1 diabetes. Fluids are important; drink sugar-free fluids every hour if awake. If unable to eat, consume 15 grams of carbohydrate every 1-2 hours. Vomiting does not mean avoiding fluids; small sips are encouraged. High-fat foods are not recommended.

Use the client-specific assessment findings and timing in the scenario rather than a memorized diagnosis label.

Connect the relevant cues to the safest nursing interpretation and action for this exact care setting.

The distractors are plausible in another context but are unsupported, mistimed, lower priority, or incomplete for the findings presented.

Address immediate threats first, stay within nursing scope, and reassess the client after the selected intervention.

For diabetes sick-day management, select responses that are both clinically supported and appropriate at this point in care.

• Ketones — Byproducts of fat breakdown; indicate insulin deficiency.
• Sick-day rules — Guidelines for managing diabetes during illness.
• Type 1 diabetes — Autoimmune destruction of beta cells; requires insulin.