Correct (2): Checkpoint inhibitors (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, ipilimumab) cause immune-related adverse events affecting any organ — pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, thyroid, hypophysitis/adrenal, myocarditis, nephritis, dermatitis. Endocrine irAE: hypophysitis, adrenal insufficiency, thyroiditis, T1DM. Treatment: hold drug + high-dose steroids for moderate-severe irAE; endocrine deficiencies often need lifelong replacement. (1,3,4) Miss diagnosis.
In-depth explanation
Memory Tip Checkpoint inhibitor (-pembro·nivol·ipilim·atezol·durvalo) = "ITIS everywhere" — pneumonITIS, colITIS, hepatITIS, thyroidITIS, hypophysITIS, myocardITIS, etc. Steroids first-line.
Clinical scenario
Scenario 62-year-old male on pembrolizumab for metastatic melanoma; new fatigue, BP 92/60, Na 128, cortisol 2 mcg/dL.
For study reference only. Always follow current clinical guidelines and your institution’s protocols.