Clinical Practice GuideAcute transfusion reactions:- Acute hemolytic: ABO mismatch, fever, hypotension, flank pain, dark urine — STOP, IV NS, supportive care, treat DIC- Febrile non-hemolytic (FNHTR): fever and chills only — STOP, evaluate, give antipyretic; resume only if hemolysis ruled out- Allergic / urticaria: hives, itching — STOP, antihistamine, may resume if mild and resolved- Anaphylactic: airway swelling, severe hypotension, IgA deficiency — STOP, epinephrine, ICU- TRALI: ARDS within 6 hours — STOP, supportive ventilation- TACO: volume overload — STOP, diuretic, oxygen, upright
Standard prevention:- Two-RN bedside ID check with the unit, ABO, Rh, expiration- Vital signs at baseline, 15 min, q30 min, completion- Stay with the client for the first 15 minutes — most reactions occur early- Use blood-compatible tubing and 0.9% normal saline only
CautionSend the unit, tubing, and a fresh blood sample to the blood bank along with a urine sample for free hemoglobin. Document times, vital signs, interventions verbatim.