성장을 멈추지 마세요

체험은 만족하셨나요?

현재 45,775명이 마이메르시로 공부 중이에요

지식 자료를 소장하고 멋진 의료인으로 성장하세요

학습 자료 둘러보기 →
Parathyroid Medications | 마이메르시 MyMerci
제안하기

뭔가 하고 싶은 말이 있는거야?

0 / 2000
컨텐츠 수정하기

컨텐츠 내용을 수정할 수 있습니다

수정하기
닫기

Parathyroid Medications

NCLEX Review Guide: Parathyroid Medications

Parathyroid Hormone Regulation

Calcium and Phosphorus Balance

  • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases serum calcium by promoting bone resorption, increasing intestinal calcium absorption, and enhancing renal calcium reabsorption while decreasing phosphorus reabsorption.
  • Calcitonin works opposite to PTH by decreasing serum calcium through inhibiting bone resorption and increasing renal calcium excretion.

Key Points

  • Normal calcium: 9.0-10.5 mg/dL; Normal phosphorus: 3.0-4.5 mg/dL
  • Calcium and phosphorus have inverse relationship

Hyperparathyroidism Medications

Calcimimetics

  • Cinacalcet (Sensipar) mimics calcium's effect on parathyroid glands, reducing PTH secretion and lowering serum calcium levels in patients with hyperparathyroidism.
  • Monitor for hypocalcemia symptoms: muscle cramps, paresthesias, tetany, and seizures.

Bisphosphonates

  • Alendronate (Fosamax), Risedronate (Actonel) inhibit bone resorption by binding to hydroxyapatite in bone matrix.
  • Administration requirements: Take on empty stomach with full glass of water, remain upright for 30-60 minutes to prevent esophageal irritation.

Memory Aid: BONES

Bisphosphonates
On empty stomach
No lying down
Esophageal protection
Stay upright

Key Points

  • Monitor calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels regularly
  • Assess for osteonecrosis of jaw with long-term bisphosphonate use

Hypoparathyroidism Medications

Calcium Supplements

  • Calcium carbonate (Tums, Os-Cal) provides 40% elemental calcium and requires acidic environment for absorption - take with meals.
  • Calcium citrate (Citracal) provides 21% elemental calcium but better absorbed on empty stomach and doesn't require acid for absorption.

Vitamin D Supplements

  • Calcitriol (Rocaltrol) is active form of vitamin D that increases intestinal calcium absorption and is used for severe hypocalcemia.
  • Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) requires conversion in liver and kidneys to active form, used for mild vitamin D deficiency.

Clinical Scenario

Patient post-thyroidectomy develops hypocalcemia. Priority nursing action: Assess for Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, keep calcium gluconate at bedside, and monitor for laryngospasm.

Key Points

  • IV calcium gluconate is preferred over calcium chloride (less tissue irritating)
  • Administer IV calcium slowly to prevent cardiac dysrhythmias

Commonly Confused Concepts

Medication Indication Action Key Nursing Consideration
Cinacalcet Hyperparathyroidism Decreases PTH Monitor for hypocalcemia
Calcitriol Hypoparathyroidism Increases calcium absorption Monitor for hypercalcemia
Bisphosphonates Osteoporosis/High calcium Inhibits bone resorption Upright position post-dose

Study Tips & Memory Aids

CALCIUM Signs of Deficiency

Convulsions
Arrhythmias
Laryngospasm
Chvostek's sign
Irritability
Unsteady gait
Muscle spasms

Phosphorus Inverse Relationship

"When calcium goes UP, phosphorus goes DOWN"
"When calcium goes DOWN, phosphorus goes UP"

    IV Calcium Administration Steps

  1. Verify correct calcium salt (gluconate vs chloride)
  2. Dilute in compatible IV solution
  3. Administer slowly (1-2 mL/minute)
  4. Monitor cardiac rhythm continuously
  5. Assess IV site for infiltration (causes tissue necrosis)

Common Pitfalls

  • Don't confuse calcium gluconate with calcium chloride - gluconate is safer for peripheral IV
  • Remember bisphosphonates can cause osteonecrosis - assess dental health before starting
  • Vitamin D toxicity causes hypercalcemia, not hypocalcemia

Quick Check

Can you list three signs of hypocalcemia?
Do you know the difference between calcium carbonate and citrate?
Can you explain why bisphosphonates require upright positioning?
Do you understand the calcium-phosphorus inverse relationship?

You've got this! Understanding parathyroid medications is crucial for safe patient care. Focus on the calcium-phosphorus relationship and remember your assessment skills - they're your best tools for NCLEX success!

다음 이론을 계속 학습하려면 로그인하세요.

로그인하고 계속 학습
컨텐츠를 그만볼래?

필기노트, 하이라이터, 메모는 잘 쓰고 있어?

내보내줘
어떤 폴더에 저장할래?

컨텐츠 노트에는 총 0개의 폴더가 있어!

폴더 만들기
컨텐츠 만들기
만들기
신고했어요.

운영진이 검토할게요!

해당 유저를 차단했어요.

마이페이지에서 차단한 회원을 관리할 수 있어요.